Who will pay for the recovery of Ukraine?
Ukraine should be restored sooner or later. This is billions dollars funds means Depending on the outcome of the war, these costs are in the form of compensation Russia demands for payment by For this, the sale of Russia’s frozen assets abroad offer there are those who do. While this sounds like an interesting plan, how practical and legal is it?
Costs Russia if he does not pay of Ukraine restoration USA and will fall on the EU. Radio Liberty reporter Toni Vesolovski also writes that this process, which is full of problems, has historical precedents.
Russia President Vladimir Putinafter the start of the attack on Ukraine Ukraine President Volodymyr Zelensky He said that the Kremlin would have to learn the word “reparation”.
More than nine months have passed since the attack. for now, Putin He did not even hint about ending the aggression. But already after the end of the conflict of Ukraine Talks about restoration have started. But I wonder if Zelensky calls it “the biggest economic project in Europe of our time”, hundreds of billions dollars Who will finance this demanding process and how?
of Ukraine the answer is clear: Russia must bear the costs required to restore justice.
“There is no alternative for Russia to pay. … If Russia does not fulfill its obligation to pay compensation for the destruction and suffering it has caused, we must find a way to make Russia pay compensation together with the civilized world.” – Ukraine member of the working group on compensations of the government, lawyer Markian Klyuchkovsky He told RFE/RL.
Like other Ukrainian officials, Klyuchkovsky UN It refers to the non-binding resolution adopted by the General Assembly on November 14. Resolution Russia military calls for compensation. Up to 50 states caused destruction, loss and damage compensation and signed the resolution on the development of an international mechanism for documenting evidence and claims.
However, Russia rejected that vote. of Russia UNHis representative Vasili Nebenzya said that the General Assembly of countries supporting the resolution court put the institution in its position; and he court not.
UN Russia, which has the right of veto in the Security Council, was able to block Ukraine’s attempts to seek justice from the UN. It could also hinder Kiev’s attempts to seize billions of dollars in frozen Russian assets abroad to fund post-war reconstruction.
Many in the West look to the Marshall Plan model for the answer. After World War II USA through this successful plan he had recovered much of Western Europe. Organizing the reconstruction of Ukraine on the basis of the Marshall plan offer Those who do say it will contribute to Ukraine’s democratic development and bids to join the EU.
The Marshall Plan launched it in 1947 USAthe then Secretary of State George Marshallis named after (George Marshall).
A report by the Washington-based German Marshall Fund dedicated to Ukraine’s post-war reconstruction says that Kiev’s Western backers will be wary of transferring large amounts of money to the country. Because Ukraine has a bad reputation for the level of corruption.
But the report also says that if Ukraine wants to integrate into Europe, aid leverage and Europe The support of his union will force him to rebuild his institutions and courts. After all, EU candidate status for Ukraine with strict legal standards offer did.
This type of package would also mean the “injection” of Western technologies into Ukraine and, therefore, the country’s leap forward. Co-author of the Marshall Fund report in question Jacob Kirkegaard he says so.
“The large infrastructure that needs to be rebuilt, especially the energy and transport infrastructure, will be “built better” according to EU standards and abandon Soviet designs. This will mean modernization of Ukrainian infrastructure. As a result, it will become competitive even within the EU.” – Kirkegaard wrote in his email reply to RFE/RL.
The West is no longer only Ukraine military not only support, but also provides financial support to keep the government afloat.
Head of the International Monetary Fund Kristalina Georgieva recently said that in 2023, at least 3 per month to Ukraine billionand most are 5 billion to the dollar funds should be separated. “This is not an easy task,” – he told world leaders who gathered on October 25 to discuss Ukraine’s recovery and macro-financial needs.
The damage inflicted by Russia’s full-scale aggression on Ukraine is enormous and steadily increasing.
The Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine said on October 27 that there are more than 40 thousand Russians in this country military crime committed. As a result of the aggression, up to 14 million Ukrainians had to leave their places of residence. UN Refugee Agency Ali Head of the Commissioner (UNHCR). Filippo Grandi (Filippo Grandi) called what happened “the fastest, largest displacement seen in decades”.
Ukraine’s gross domestic product (GDP) has fallen by 32% this year. This is greater than the number recorded during the crisis in the United States in the 1930s – the Great Depression.
Infrastructure across the country, especially civilian infrastructure, has been targeted and destroyed by Russia. Cities, especially Mariupol, have been reduced to ruins. Prime Minister of Ukraine Denis Shmihal On September 5, he said that Russia attacked the country 326 billion 105 billion dollars will be needed for immediate recovery.
At the end of the month, the figure was already higher than 105 billion dollars. Kyiv The researchers of the School of Economics, who collected data from several ministries, say that the damage to residential and non-residential real estate is more than 127 billion dollars.